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Global Standards

Many institutional investors already implement global standards to improve the infrastructure, processes and performance of their business organizations but have not considered the benefits of extending these standards to their investment programs.

Investment Process Management provides an integrated framework through which the most appropriate infrastructure, process and performance standards can be used not only to measure but also to manage and improve the quality of an investment program.

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Control Objectives for Information and Related Technology (COBIT®) is a publication of the IT Governance Institute, which was established in 1998 to advance international thinking and standards in directing and controlling an enterprise's information technology.

COBIT® 4.0 presents a process-based IT control framework for linking business goals to IT goals, providing metrics and maturity models to measure their achievement, and identifying the associated responsibilities of business and IT process owners.

The Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) was originally formed in 1985 to sponsor the National Commission on Fraudulent Financial Reporting. An independent private sector initiative, COSO studied the causal factors that can lead to fraudulent financial reporting and developed recommendations for public companies, independent auditors, for the SEC and other regulators, and for educational institutions.

COSO has published a number of documents that have become globally adopted standards in the areas of financial reporting, internal controls and enterprise risk management.

Global Investment Performance Standards (GIPS) have been developed in response to a perceived need for a single, globally accepted standard for reporting investment performance. GIPS were first developed in 1999 and the latest version of these standards was published in February 2005.

Investment industry groups in 25 countries have contributed to promoting and developing these global standards, funded and administered by CFA Institute (formerly known as the Association for Investment Management and Research or AIMR).

International Organization for Standardization (ISO) is a network of national standards institutes of 156 countries, with a central secretariat in Geneva, Switzerland. ISO is the world's largest developer of standards and since 1947 has published more than 15,000 International Standards.

Although ISO's principal activity is the development of technical standards, more than half a million organizations in more than 149 countries are implementing ISO 9000 which provides a framework for quality management throughout the processes of producing and delivering products and services for the customer.

The Organization For Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) consists of 30 member countries and produces internationally agreed instruments, decisions and recommendations where multilateral agreement is necessary for individual countries to make progress in a globalized economy.

The OECD Steering Group on Corporate Governance co-ordinates and guides the organization's work on corporate governance. Their OECD Principles of Corporate Governance were endorsed by OECD Ministers in 1999 and have since become an international benchmark for policy makers, investors, corporations and other stakeholders worldwide. A reviewed and updated set of Principles was published in 2004.